Gonadotropins Inhibitors
5 drugsAbout Gonadotropins
Gonadotropins are hormones like follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) that regulate the development and function of the ovaries and testes, playing a crucial role in reproductive function.
Human genetic studies offer moderate support for gonadotropins as therapeutic targets, with variants linked to hypothyroidism (score 0.67). Strong eQTL/pQTL signals (max H4: 0.97) further support the role of gonadotropins in disease.
Gonadotropins are targeted by 4 FDA-approved small molecule drugs including PROVERA, ELURYNG, XULANE and NUVARING. These drugs are used in other therapeutic areas.
Gonadotropins Genetic Evidence Moderate
Genetic evidence shows moderate support for gonadotropins, with a max score of 0.67 linked to hypothyroidism.
Further investigation of the genetic link to hypothyroidism may reveal novel therapeutic opportunities.
Evidence Across Diseases
5 totalGWAS and other genetic studies link CGA to 5 diseases.
🔗 Colocalization Evidence 20 strong
max H4: 0.97eQTL/pQTL signals for CGA colocalize with these GWAS traits, providing causal evidence that gene expression changes drive disease risk.
Understanding these scores
Association Score (0-1): Combines all evidence types (genetic, literature, drugs, animal models). Higher = more evidence linking target to disease. This is a ranking heuristic, not a confidence score.
L2G Score: Open Targets uses a machine learning model (Locus-to-Gene) to predict which gene is causal at each GWAS locus. L2G=0.5 means ~50% probability of being the causal gene. Only associations with L2G > 0.05 are included.
Odds Ratio (OR): From gene burden studies (UK Biobank, AstraZeneca PheWAS). Measures how loss-of-function variants affect disease risk. OR<1 = protective (inhibiting target may help), OR>1 = risk (losing function causes disease).
Beta (β): Effect size for continuous traits. β<0 = protective, β>0 = risk.
Clinical Translation (~1.8x): Based on Nelson et al. 2015: drug targets with genetic evidence have ~2x higher success rates in clinical trials. We estimate: Strong support (score ≥0.7) → ~1.8x, Moderate (0.3-0.7) → ~1.3x, Weak → baseline.
Colocalization (H4): Tests whether a GWAS signal and an eQTL/pQTL signal share the same causal variant. H4 is the posterior probability that both traits are associated AND share a causal variant. H4 > 0.8 = strong evidence that gene expression/protein levels drive disease risk. This links genetic variation → gene expression → disease, supporting the target-disease connection.
Top Gonadotropins Drugs
The competitive landscape includes 4 companies with approved drugs, including Pfizer, AMNEAL, Viatris and Merck.
The presence of multiple established players suggests a moderately competitive market with potential entry barriers.
Gonadotropins Drug Modality Landscape
Modalities
Routes of Administration
Gonadotropins is amenable to small molecule drugs, with oral options available for convenient dosing.
Exploring alternative modalities like antibodies or peptides could provide a competitive advantage.
Gonadotropins Clinical Trials 333 trials
Phase 1-4 trials started in 2008 or later that test an FDA-approved drug acting on Gonadotropins. Source: ClinicalTrials.gov. How we count
Completion by Phase
| Phase | Total | Completed | Stopped | Active | Completion |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Phase 1 | 81 | 65 | 6 | 9 | 92% |
| Phase 2 | 72 | 37 | 17 | 18 | 69% |
| Phase 3 | 63 | 50 | 6 | 7 | 89% |
| Phase 4 | 117 | 78 | 15 | 24 | 84% |
Top Sponsors
By Modality
Top Conditions
Top Drugs
Gonadotropins Drug Approval Timeline (1959 - 2019)
The approval timeline spans 61 years, with the first drug approved in 1959 and the most recent in 2019.
The long approval history suggests a mature market, but recent approvals indicate continued innovation.
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Deep insights for drug target analysis
Competitive Landscape
- • 5 companies competing
- • Market share by company
Full Drug Portfolio
- • All 5 approved drugs
- • Approval dates & indications
Genetic Validation
- • Full genetic evidence table
- • Effect sizes & directions
Approval Timeline
- • Full 5-drug timeline
- • First-of-modality markers
Clinical Trials Analysis
- • Sponsors: 193 (54 companies)
- • Completion rates by condition
Full summary • All drugs • Genetic evidence • Trials • Timeline
How We Count Trials
- Trials: phase 1-4 interventional trials on ClinicalTrials.gov that started in 2008 or later and test an FDA-approved drug acting on Gonadotropins. A trial counts if an approved drug acting on Gonadotropins is in any arm, including as a comparator, and a trial that tests two such drugs counts once. Trials that test only unapproved drugs are not counted. A trial listed as phase 1/2 counts as phase 1, and phase 2/3 as phase 2.
- Active: recruiting, not yet recruiting, enrolling by invitation, or active and no longer recruiting.
- Completion rate: of the trials that have ended, the share marked Completed rather than Terminated or Withdrawn. Completed means the trial ended as planned; it does not mean the drug worked. Suspended trials are not counted as ended.
- Stopped: terminated or withdrawn. Trials stop for many reasons, including slow enrolment and business decisions, not only safety or efficacy.
- Sponsors: the lead sponsor of each trial. Companies are the sponsors ClinicalTrials.gov classes as industry; the rest are universities, hospitals, cooperative groups, government bodies and individuals.