Biomarkers in Precision Medicine
Biomarkers are molecular indicators that help predict which patients will respond to specific treatments. They enable precision medicine by matching the right drug to the right patient based on their tumor's genetic profile.
What are biomarkers?
Biomarkers are measurable characteristics (genes, proteins, or other molecules) that indicate whether a patient is likely to benefit from a particular treatment. In oncology, biomarker testing helps identify targeted therapies that work by attacking specific cancer cell vulnerabilities.
Predictive
Predicts response to therapy
Prognostic
Indicates disease outcome
Diagnostic
Helps identify cancer type
25
Unique Biomarkers
20
Major Biomarkers (4+ drugs)
235
Drug-Biomarker Pairs
228
Indications Covered
Most Common Biomarkers (4+ drugs)
ER (Estrogen Receptor)
27 drugs Osteoporosis, Breast Cancer...
ACTIVELLA, ANGELIQ, BIJUVA +24 more
HER2
22 drugs Breast Cancer, Gastric Cancer...
BIZENGRI, ENHERTU, GILOTRIF +19 more
TNF-alpha
20 drugs Crohn's Disease, Rheumatoid Arthritis...
ABRILADA, AMJEVITA, AVSOLA +17 more
VEGF
17 drugs Neovascular (Wet) Age-Related Macular Degeneration (AMD), Macular Edema Following Retinal Vein Occlusion (RVO)...
ALYMSYS, AVASTIN, BEOVU +14 more
EGFR
16 drugs Breast Cancer, Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer...
ALUNBRIG, CAPRELSA, ERBITUX +13 more
RET
14 drugs Metastatic colorectal cancer, Locally advanced, unresectable or metastatic gastrointestinal stromal tumor...
ALECENSA, CABOMETYX, CAPRELSA +11 more
PD-1
11 drugs Metastatic cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma, Locally advanced cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma...
JEMPERLI, KEYTRUDA, KEYTRUDA QLEX +8 more
ROS1
11 drugs ROS1-positive metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in adults, NTRK gene fusion-positive solid tumors in adult and pediatric patients older than 1 month...
ALUNBRIG, AUGTYRO, CABOMETYX +8 more
FGFR
10 drugs Metastatic colorectal cancer, Locally advanced, unresectable or metastatic gastrointestinal stromal tumor...
BALVERSA, GAVRETO, ICLUSIG +7 more
FLT3
10 drugs Myelofibrosis, Polycythemia Vera...
GAVRETO, ICLUSIG, INREBIC +7 more
MET
10 drugs Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer, Anaplastic Large Cell Lymphoma...
CABOMETYX, COMETRIQ, EMRELIS +7 more
BCR-ABL
8 drugs Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia, Chronic Myeloid Leukemia...
BOSULIF, DANZITEN, DASATINIB +5 more
NTRK
8 drugs Metastatic colorectal cancer, Locally advanced, unresectable or metastatic gastrointestinal stromal tumor...
AUGTYRO, GAVRETO, IBTROZI +5 more
BRAF
7 drugs Metastatic colorectal cancer, Locally advanced, unresectable or metastatic gastrointestinal stromal tumor...
NEXAVAR, OJEMDA, QINLOCK +4 more
ALK
7 drugs ROS1-positive metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in adults, NTRK gene fusion-positive solid tumors in adult and pediatric patients older than 1 month...
ALECENSA, ALUNBRIG, ENSACOVE +4 more
AR (Androgen Receptor)
7 drugs Metastatic Prostate Cancer, Metastatic Castration-Sensitive Prostate Cancer...
APALUTAMIDE, CASODEX, ERLEADA +4 more
BTK
5 drugs Mantle Cell Lymphoma, Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia...
CALQUENCE, IMBRUVICA, JAYPIRCA +2 more
PD-L1
5 drugs Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer, Small Cell Lung Cancer...
BAVENCIO, IMFINZI, TECENTRIQ +2 more
PR (Progesterone Receptor)
5 drugs Hyperglycemia, Hypercortisolism...
KORLYM, MIFEPREX, MIFEPRISTONE +2 more
CDK4/6
4 drugs Hormone receptor (HR)-positive, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-negative, node-positive, early breast cancer at high risk of recurrence, Hormone receptor (HR)-positive, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-negative advanced or metastatic breast cancer as initial endocrine-based therapy...
COSELA, IBRANCE, KISQALI +1 more
Other Biomarkers (2-3 drugs)
All Biomarkers
| Biomarker | Drugs | Indications |
|---|---|---|
| ER (Estrogen Receptor) | 27 | Osteoporosis, Breast Cancer, Vasomotor Symptoms... |
| HER2 | 22 | Breast Cancer, Gastric Cancer, Gastroesophageal Junction Adenocarcinoma... |
| TNF-alpha | 20 | Crohn's Disease, Rheumatoid Arthritis, Polyarticular Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis... |
| VEGF | 17 | Neovascular (Wet) Age-Related Macular Degeneration (AMD), Macular Edema Following Retinal Vein Occlusion (RVO), Diabetic Macular Edema (DME)... |
| EGFR | 16 | Breast Cancer, Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer, Pancreatic Cancer... |
| RET | 14 | Metastatic colorectal cancer, Locally advanced, unresectable or metastatic gastrointestinal stromal tumor, Hepatocellular carcinoma... |
| PD-1 | 11 | Metastatic cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma, Locally advanced cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma, Adjuvant treatment of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma at high risk of recurrence after surgery and radiation... |
| ROS1 | 11 | ROS1-positive metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in adults, NTRK gene fusion-positive solid tumors in adult and pediatric patients older than 1 month, Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer... |
| FGFR | 10 | Metastatic colorectal cancer, Locally advanced, unresectable or metastatic gastrointestinal stromal tumor, Hepatocellular carcinoma... |
| FLT3 | 10 | Myelofibrosis, Polycythemia Vera, Essential Thrombocythemia... |
| MET | 10 | Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer, Anaplastic Large Cell Lymphoma, Inflammatory Myofibroblastic Tumor... |
| BCR-ABL | 8 | Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia, Chronic Myeloid Leukemia, Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia... |
| NTRK | 8 | Metastatic colorectal cancer, Locally advanced, unresectable or metastatic gastrointestinal stromal tumor, Hepatocellular carcinoma... |
| BRAF | 7 | Metastatic colorectal cancer, Locally advanced, unresectable or metastatic gastrointestinal stromal tumor, Hepatocellular carcinoma... |
| ALK | 7 | ROS1-positive metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in adults, NTRK gene fusion-positive solid tumors in adult and pediatric patients older than 1 month, Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer... |
| AR (Androgen Receptor) | 7 | Metastatic Prostate Cancer, Metastatic Castration-Sensitive Prostate Cancer, Non-Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer... |
| BTK | 5 | Mantle Cell Lymphoma, Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia, Waldenstrom Macroglobulinemia... |
| PD-L1 | 5 | Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer, Small Cell Lung Cancer, Metastatic Merkel cell carcinoma in adults and pediatric patients 12 years and older... |
| PR (Progesterone Receptor) | 5 | Hyperglycemia, Hypercortisolism, Cushing's Syndrome... |
| CDK4/6 | 4 | Hormone receptor (HR)-positive, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-negative, node-positive, early breast cancer at high risk of recurrence, Hormone receptor (HR)-positive, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-negative advanced or metastatic breast cancer as initial endocrine-based therapy, Hormone receptor (HR)-positive, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-negative advanced or metastatic breast cancer with disease progression following endocrine therapy... |
| IDH1 | 3 | Acute Myeloid Leukemia, Myelodysplastic Syndromes, Cholangiocarcinoma... |
| IDH2 | 2 | Astrocytoma, Oligodendroglioma, Acute Myeloid Leukemia |
| PIK3CA | 2 | Breast Cancer, PIK3CA-Related Overgrowth Spectrum |
| VEGFR | 2 | Philadelphia Chromosome-Positive Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia, Chronic Myeloid Leukemia, Medullary Thyroid Cancer |
| KRAS | 2 | KRAS G12C-mutated locally advanced or metastatic non-small cell lung cancer, KRAS G12C-mutated metastatic colorectal cancer, KRAS G12C-mutated locally advanced or metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC)... |