Biomarkers in Precision Medicine
Biomarkers are molecular indicators that help predict which patients will respond to specific treatments. They enable precision medicine by matching the right drug to the right patient based on their tumor's genetic profile.
What are biomarkers?
Biomarkers are measurable characteristics (genes, proteins, or other molecules) that indicate whether a patient is likely to benefit from a particular treatment. In oncology, biomarker testing helps identify targeted therapies that work by attacking specific cancer cell vulnerabilities.
Predictive
Predicts response to therapy
Prognostic
Indicates disease outcome
Diagnostic
Helps identify cancer type
25
Unique Biomarkers
20
Major Biomarkers (4+ drugs)
235
Drug-Biomarker Pairs
228
Indications Covered
Most Common Biomarkers (4+ drugs)
ER (Estrogen Receptor)
27 drugs Vasomotor Symptoms, Vulvar and Vaginal Atrophy...
ACTIVELLA, ANGELIQ, BIJUVA +24 more
HER2
22 drugs Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer, Breast Cancer...
BIZENGRI, ENHERTU, GILOTRIF +19 more
TNF-alpha
20 drugs Rheumatoid Arthritis, Psoriatic Arthritis...
ABRILADA, AMJEVITA, AVSOLA +17 more
VEGF
17 drugs Neovascular (Wet) Age-Related Macular Degeneration (AMD), Macular Edema Following Retinal Vein Occlusion (RVO)...
ALYMSYS, AVASTIN, BEOVU +14 more
EGFR
16 drugs Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer, Pancreatic Cancer...
ALUNBRIG, CAPRELSA, ERBITUX +13 more
RET
14 drugs Metastatic colorectal cancer, Locally advanced, unresectable or metastatic gastrointestinal stromal tumor...
ALECENSA, CABOMETYX, CAPRELSA +11 more
ROS1
11 drugs Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer, Solid Tumors...
ALUNBRIG, AUGTYRO, CABOMETYX +8 more
PD-1
11 drugs Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma, Melanoma...
JEMPERLI, KEYTRUDA, KEYTRUDA QLEX +8 more
FLT3
10 drugs Acute Myeloid Leukemia, Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor...
GAVRETO, ICLUSIG, INREBIC +7 more
MET
10 drugs Metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) harboring mesenchymal-epithelial transition (MET) exon 14 skipping alterations., Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer...
CABOMETYX, COMETRIQ, EMRELIS +7 more
FGFR
10 drugs Metastatic colorectal cancer, Locally advanced, unresectable or metastatic gastrointestinal stromal tumor...
BALVERSA, GAVRETO, ICLUSIG +7 more
BCR-ABL
8 drugs Chronic Myeloid Leukemia, Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia...
BOSULIF, DANZITEN, DASATINIB +5 more
NTRK
8 drugs Neurotrophic Keratitis, Metastatic colorectal cancer...
AUGTYRO, GAVRETO, IBTROZI +5 more
AR (Androgen Receptor)
7 drugs Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer, Metastatic Castration-Sensitive Prostate Cancer...
APALUTAMIDE, CASODEX, ERLEADA +4 more
ALK
7 drugs Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer, ROS1-positive metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in adults...
ALECENSA, ALUNBRIG, ENSACOVE +4 more
BRAF
7 drugs Melanoma, Erdheim-Chester Disease...
NEXAVAR, OJEMDA, QINLOCK +4 more
BTK
5 drugs Mantle Cell Lymphoma, Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia...
CALQUENCE, IMBRUVICA, JAYPIRCA +2 more
PR (Progesterone Receptor)
5 drugs Hyperglycemia, Hypercortisolism...
KORLYM, MIFEPREX, MIFEPRISTONE +2 more
PD-L1
5 drugs Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer, Small Cell Lung Cancer...
BAVENCIO, IMFINZI, TECENTRIQ +2 more
CDK4/6
4 drugs Hormone receptor (HR)-positive, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-negative, node-positive, early breast cancer at high risk of recurrence, Hormone receptor (HR)-positive, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-negative advanced or metastatic breast cancer as initial endocrine-based therapy...
COSELA, IBRANCE, KISQALI +1 more
Other Biomarkers (2-3 drugs)
All Biomarkers
| Biomarker | Drugs | Indications |
|---|---|---|
| ER (Estrogen Receptor) | 27 | Vasomotor Symptoms, Vulvar and Vaginal Atrophy, Osteoporosis... |
| HER2 | 22 | Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer, Breast Cancer, Unresectable or metastatic HER2-positive breast cancer... |
| TNF-alpha | 20 | Rheumatoid Arthritis, Psoriatic Arthritis, Ankylosing Spondylitis... |
| VEGF | 17 | Neovascular (Wet) Age-Related Macular Degeneration (AMD), Macular Edema Following Retinal Vein Occlusion (RVO), Diabetic Macular Edema (DME)... |
| EGFR | 16 | Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer, Pancreatic Cancer, Squamous Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer... |
| RET | 14 | Metastatic colorectal cancer, Locally advanced, unresectable or metastatic gastrointestinal stromal tumor, Hepatocellular carcinoma... |
| ROS1 | 11 | Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer, Solid Tumors, Medullary Thyroid Cancer... |
| PD-1 | 11 | Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma, Melanoma, Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer... |
| FLT3 | 10 | Acute Myeloid Leukemia, Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor, Renal Cell Carcinoma... |
| MET | 10 | Metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) harboring mesenchymal-epithelial transition (MET) exon 14 skipping alterations., Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer, Medullary Thyroid Cancer... |
| FGFR | 10 | Metastatic colorectal cancer, Locally advanced, unresectable or metastatic gastrointestinal stromal tumor, Hepatocellular carcinoma... |
| BCR-ABL | 8 | Chronic Myeloid Leukemia, Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia, Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia... |
| NTRK | 8 | Neurotrophic Keratitis, Metastatic colorectal cancer, Locally advanced, unresectable or metastatic gastrointestinal stromal tumor... |
| AR (Androgen Receptor) | 7 | Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer, Metastatic Castration-Sensitive Prostate Cancer, Non-Metastatic Castration-Sensitive Prostate Cancer... |
| ALK | 7 | Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer, ROS1-positive metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in adults, NTRK gene fusion-positive solid tumors in adult and pediatric patients older than 1 month... |
| BRAF | 7 | Melanoma, Erdheim-Chester Disease, Metastatic colorectal cancer... |
| BTK | 5 | Mantle Cell Lymphoma, Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia, Small Lymphocytic Lymphoma... |
| PR (Progesterone Receptor) | 5 | Hyperglycemia, Hypercortisolism, Cushing's Syndrome... |
| PD-L1 | 5 | Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer, Small Cell Lung Cancer, Biliary Tract Cancer... |
| CDK4/6 | 4 | Hormone receptor (HR)-positive, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-negative, node-positive, early breast cancer at high risk of recurrence, Hormone receptor (HR)-positive, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-negative advanced or metastatic breast cancer as initial endocrine-based therapy, Hormone receptor (HR)-positive, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-negative advanced or metastatic breast cancer with disease progression following endocrine therapy... |
| IDH1 | 3 | Astrocytoma, Oligodendroglioma, Acute Myeloid Leukemia... |
| PIK3CA | 2 | PIK3CA-Related Overgrowth Spectrum, Breast Cancer |
| IDH2 | 2 | Astrocytoma, Oligodendroglioma, Acute Myeloid Leukemia |
| KRAS | 2 | KRAS G12C-mutated locally advanced or metastatic non-small cell lung cancer, KRAS G12C-mutated metastatic colorectal cancer, KRAS G12C-mutated locally advanced or metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC)... |
| VEGFR | 2 | Philadelphia Chromosome-Positive Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia, Chronic Myeloid Leukemia, Medullary Thyroid Cancer |