RARalpha Inhibitors
10 drugsAbout RARalpha
RARalpha, or Retinoic Acid Receptor alpha, is a nuclear receptor that regulates gene expression as a ligand-activated transcription factor. It influences cellular processes, making it a drug development target.
RARalpha's involvement in cellular differentiation and proliferation has led to the development of several FDA-approved drugs. Currently, there is no genetic evidence directly linking RARalpha to specific diseases.
Four FDA-approved drugs target RARalpha, including topical treatments like RETIN-A, ALTRENO, TWYNEO and ATRALIN. All four drugs are small molecules.
Top RARalpha Drugs
Three companies have approved drugs targeting RARalpha.
The competitive landscape is moderately concentrated, suggesting moderate entry barriers.
| Drug | Company | Approved | Indications |
|---|---|---|---|
| AVAGE | CHARTWELL RX | 2000 | 2 |
| ATRALIN | DOW PHARM | 2007 | 1 |
| FABIOR | MAYNE PHARMA | 2012 | 1 |
| TWYNEO | MAYNE PHARMA | 2021 | 1 |
| ALTRENO | DOW PHARM | 2018 | 1 |
| DUOBRII | BAUSCH | 2019 | 1 |
| ARAZLO | BAUSCH | 2019 | 1 |
RARalpha Drug Modality Landscape
Modalities
Routes of Administration
RARalpha is druggable by small molecules, though no oral formulations are currently approved.
Exploring alternative modalities like antibodies could provide differentiation.
RARalpha Clinical Trials 164 trials
Phase 1-4 trials started in 2008 or later that test an FDA-approved drug acting on RARalpha. Source: ClinicalTrials.gov. How we count
Completion by Phase
| Phase | Total | Completed | Stopped | Active | Completion |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Phase 1 | 38 | 35 | 1 | 2 | 97% |
| Phase 2 | 38 | 27 | 5 | 5 | 84% |
| Phase 3 | 38 | 33 | 3 | 2 | 92% |
| Phase 4 | 50 | 40 | 6 | 4 | 87% |
Top Sponsors
By Modality
RARalpha Drug Approval Timeline (1971 - 2021)
The first drug was approved in 1971, and the most recent in 2021.
The 51-year approval span indicates a mature but not saturated market.
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Competitive Landscape
- • 5 companies competing
- • Market share by company
Full Drug Portfolio
- • All 10 approved drugs
- • Approval dates & indications
Genetic Validation
- • Full genetic evidence table
- • Effect sizes & directions
Approval Timeline
- • Full 10-drug timeline
- • First-of-modality markers
Clinical Trials Analysis
- • Sponsors: 83 (28 companies)
- • Completion rates by condition
Full summary • All drugs • Genetic evidence • Trials • Timeline
How We Count Trials
- Trials: phase 1-4 interventional trials on ClinicalTrials.gov that started in 2008 or later and test an FDA-approved drug acting on RARalpha. A trial counts if an approved drug acting on RARalpha is in any arm, including as a comparator, and a trial that tests two such drugs counts once. Trials that test only unapproved drugs are not counted. A trial listed as phase 1/2 counts as phase 1, and phase 2/3 as phase 2.
- Active: recruiting, not yet recruiting, enrolling by invitation, or active and no longer recruiting.
- Completion rate: of the trials that have ended, the share marked Completed rather than Terminated or Withdrawn. Completed means the trial ended as planned; it does not mean the drug worked. Suspended trials are not counted as ended.
- Stopped: terminated or withdrawn. Trials stop for many reasons, including slow enrolment and business decisions, not only safety or efficacy.
- Sponsors: the lead sponsor of each trial. Companies are the sponsors ClinicalTrials.gov classes as industry; the rest are universities, hospitals, cooperative groups, government bodies and individuals.