SNAP-25 Inhibitors
7 drugsAbout SNAP-25
SNAP-25 is a key protein in neurotransmitter release, functioning as a core component of the SNARE complex. This complex mediates synaptic vesicle fusion with the presynaptic membrane, leading to neurotransmitter release at nerve terminals.
Human genetic studies provide strong validation for SNAP-25 as a therapeutic target (max score 0.82). Loss-of-function variants are associated with congenital myasthenic syndromes and developmental and epileptic encephalopathy, suggesting activation may be beneficial.
SNAP-25 is targeted by 4 FDA-approved biologic drugs, including BOTOX, BOTOX COSMETIC, JEUVEAU, and DAXXIFY. These drugs are marketed by AbbVie, EVOLUS INC, and REVANCE THERAPEUTICS, INC. for CNS and other therapeutic areas.
SNAP-25 Genetic Evidence Strong
SNAP-25 has strong genetic support with a maximum score of 0.82 linked to multiple diseases.
The strong genetic support increases the likelihood of clinical success for SNAP-25 targeted therapies.
💡 Why activation?
- • Loss-of-function variants increase disease risk (OR > 1) — restoring function may help
- • 100% directional consistency across 2 traits
- • Strong signal in disorder of visual system, genetic, familial or congenital disease, musculoskeletal or connective tissue disease pathways
Cross-Disease Effects
Trade-off: LowDirection of Effect
100% alignedEvidence Across Diseases
20 totalGWAS and other genetic studies link SNAP25 to 22 diseases.
Loss-of-function causes disease; activation may help
Loss-of-function causes disease; activation may help
🔗 Colocalization Evidence 20 strong
max H4: 1.00eQTL/pQTL signals for SNAP25 colocalize with these GWAS traits, providing causal evidence that gene expression changes drive disease risk.
Understanding these scores
Association Score (0-1): Combines all evidence types (genetic, literature, drugs, animal models). Higher = more evidence linking target to disease. This is a ranking heuristic, not a confidence score.
L2G Score: Open Targets uses a machine learning model (Locus-to-Gene) to predict which gene is causal at each GWAS locus. L2G=0.5 means ~50% probability of being the causal gene. Only associations with L2G > 0.05 are included.
Odds Ratio (OR): From gene burden studies (UK Biobank, AstraZeneca PheWAS). Measures how loss-of-function variants affect disease risk. OR<1 = protective (inhibiting target may help), OR>1 = risk (losing function causes disease).
Beta (β): Effect size for continuous traits. β<0 = protective, β>0 = risk.
Clinical Translation (~1.8x): Based on Nelson et al. 2015: drug targets with genetic evidence have ~2x higher success rates in clinical trials. We estimate: Strong support (score ≥0.7) → ~1.8x, Moderate (0.3-0.7) → ~1.3x, Weak → baseline.
Colocalization (H4): Tests whether a GWAS signal and an eQTL/pQTL signal share the same causal variant. H4 is the posterior probability that both traits are associated AND share a causal variant. H4 > 0.8 = strong evidence that gene expression/protein levels drive disease risk. This links genetic variation → gene expression → disease, supporting the target-disease connection.
Top SNAP-25 Drugs
Three companies, including AbbVie, EVOLUS INC, and REVANCE THERAPEUTICS, INC., have approved drugs targeting SNAP-25.
The concentrated market suggests high entry barriers or strong patent protection for existing SNAP-25 targeting drugs.
| Drug | Company | Approved | Indications |
|---|---|---|---|
| BOTOX COSMETIC | AbbVie | 1991 | 4 |
| DAXXIFY | REVANCE THERAPEUTICS, INC. | 2022 | 2 |
| JEUVEAU | EVOLUS INC | 2019 | 1 |
| LETYBO | HUGEL INC | 2024 | 1 |
SNAP-25 Drug Modality Landscape
Modalities
Routes of Administration
SNAP-25 requires biologic approaches (biologic (other)), likely due to its structure or location.
The absence of small molecule or antibody drugs targeting SNAP-25 represents a potential whitespace opportunity.
SNAP-25 Clinical Trials 496 trials
Phase 1-4 trials started in 2008 or later that test an FDA-approved drug acting on SNAP-25. Source: ClinicalTrials.gov. How we count
Completion by Phase
| Phase | Total | Completed | Stopped | Active | Completion |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Phase 1 | 74 | 59 | 7 | 8 | 89% |
| Phase 2 | 131 | 85 | 21 | 25 | 80% |
| Phase 3 | 166 | 129 | 16 | 21 | 89% |
| Phase 4 | 125 | 84 | 17 | 24 | 83% |
Top Sponsors
By Modality
Top Conditions
Phase 3 Readout Calendar Pro
5 Phase 3 trials testing approved SNAP-25 drugs across all sponsors.
Coverage: trials whose intervention is an approved drug targeting SNAP-25. Pre-approval candidates with development codes (e.g. AZD0901, MK-7240) are not yet linked. Anchored on CT.gov primary completion date.
SNAP-25 Drug Approval Timeline (1991 - 2024)
The first drug targeting SNAP-25, BOTOX, was approved in 1991, with the most recent, DAXXIFY, approved in 2022.
The 32-year span indicates a mature market, but recent approval suggests continued innovation potential.
Pro Intelligence Preview
Deep insights for drug target analysis
Competitive Landscape
- • 6 companies competing
- • Market share by company
Full Drug Portfolio
- • All 7 approved drugs
- • Approval dates & indications
Genetic Validation
- • Full genetic evidence table
- • Effect sizes & directions
Approval Timeline
- • Full 7-drug timeline
- • First-of-modality markers
Clinical Trials Analysis
- • Sponsors: 223 (37 companies)
- • Completion rates by condition
Full summary • All drugs • Genetic evidence • Trials • Timeline
How We Count Trials
- Trials: phase 1-4 interventional trials on ClinicalTrials.gov that started in 2008 or later and test an FDA-approved drug acting on SNAP-25. A trial counts if an approved drug acting on SNAP-25 is in any arm, including as a comparator, and a trial that tests two such drugs counts once. Trials that test only unapproved drugs are not counted. A trial listed as phase 1/2 counts as phase 1, and phase 2/3 as phase 2.
- Active: recruiting, not yet recruiting, enrolling by invitation, or active and no longer recruiting.
- Completion rate: of the trials that have ended, the share marked Completed rather than Terminated or Withdrawn. Completed means the trial ended as planned; it does not mean the drug worked. Suspended trials are not counted as ended.
- Stopped: terminated or withdrawn. Trials stop for many reasons, including slow enrolment and business decisions, not only safety or efficacy.
- Sponsors: the lead sponsor of each trial. Companies are the sponsors ClinicalTrials.gov classes as industry; the rest are universities, hospitals, cooperative groups, government bodies and individuals.