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Data updated: May 26, 2026

CAYSTON (aztreonam)

Respiratory Approved 2010-02-22

CAYSTON (aztreonam) is a monobactam antibacterial indicated to improve respiratory symptoms in cystic fibrosis (CF) patients with *Pseudomonas aeruginosa*. To reduce the development of drug-resistant bacteria and maintain the effectiveness of the treatment, CAYSTON should only be used in patients known to have *P. aeruginosa* in the lungs. Safety and effectiveness have not been established in pediatric patients under 7 years of age, patients with a predicted FEV1 <25% or >75%, or patients colonized with *Burkholderia cepacia*.

Source: FDA Label • Gilead Sciences

How CAYSTON Works

Aztreonam is a monobactam antibiotic that inhibits bacterial cell wall synthesis. It exhibits potent activity in vitro against Gram-negative aerobic pathogens, including *Pseudomonas aeruginosa*. Aztreonam binds to penicillin-binding protein 3 (PBP3) of susceptible bacteria, which inhibits the third and last stage of bacterial cell wall synthesis. This interference leads to the inhibition of peptidoglycan assembly, resulting in bacterial cell filamentation, lysis, and death. Aztreonam is poorly absorbed systemically when inhaled, allowing for high local concentrations in the lungs.

1
Indication
--
Phase 3 Trials
16
Years on Market

Details

Status
Prescription
First Approved
2010-02-22
Routes
INHALATION
Dosage Forms
FOR SOLUTION

Companies

Active Ingredient: AZTREONAM

CAYSTON Approval History

2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
2021
2022
2023
2024
2025
2026
Original
New Indication
New Form
Label Update
12 FDA actions from 2010 to 2019
Nov 2019 SUPPL
Label · Labeling
Feb 2019 SUPPL
Label · Labeling
Dec 2016 SUPPL
Mfg · Manufacturing (CMC)

What CAYSTON Treats

1 indications

CAYSTON is approved for 1 conditions since its original approval in 2010. These indications span multiple therapeutic areas including oncology, immunology, and more.

  • Cystic Fibrosis
Source: FDA Label

CAYSTON Competitive Set

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Filters applied: drops same-active-ingredient (505(b)(2) reformulations), route-mismatch (topical vs systemic), and cross-therapeutic-area matches in same-indication rings.

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Clinical Trial Registry

10 trials
Trial Sponsor ID Phase Status Title
NCT03867734 results posted STUDY00003878-02 Ph 2, Ph 3 completed Aztreonam for Pharyngeal Gonorrhea
NCT02894684 AZTEC-CF 2016AZLIND001 Ph 4 completed Aztreonam for Inhalation Solution (AZLI) for the Treatment of Exacerbations of Cystic Fibrosis
NCT02276482 results posted 1986-012 TR701-122, 2014-004023-40 Ph 3 completed Study of Tedizolid Phosphate in Adolescents With Complicated Skin and Soft Tissue Infection (cSSTI) (MK-1986-012)
NCT01659866 results posted STU00059558 EAM-237 Ph 4 completed Antibiotic Prophylaxis for Transrectal Prostate Biopsy
NCT03376529 SPR741-102 Ph 1 completed Phase 1 Study to Evaluate DDI, PK, Safety, Tolerability of SPR741
NCT01984684 results posted RX-3341-303 Ph 3 completed Delafloxacin vs Vancomycin and Aztreonam for the Treatment of Acute Bacterial Skin and Skin Structure Infections
NCT01811732 results posted RX-3341-302 2012-001767-71 Ph 3 completed Delafloxacin Versus Vancomycin and Aztreonam for the Treatment of Acute Bacterial Skin and Skin Structure Infections
NCT02202135 results posted D3720C00001sub Ph 3 terminated Evaluation of Ceftaroline Fosamil vs Vancomycin Plus Aztreonam in the Treatment of Patients With Skin Infections.
NCT01499277 results posted D3720C00001 2011-004013-16 Ph 3 completed Evaluation of Ceftaroline Fosamil Versus Vancomycin Plus Aztreonam in the Treatment of Patients With Skin Infections
NCT00633152 results posted P903-19 Ph 2 completed Efficacy and Safety of Ceftaroline Versus Linezolid in Subjects With Complicated Skin and Skin Structure Infections
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Active Pipeline

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Key Completed Trials

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Completed studies with published results, ranked by significance

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Trial Timeline

Full development history with FDA approval milestones

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Understanding FDA Approval Types
Count Type What it means
- ORIG Original approval - drug first enters market
- SUPPL - Efficacy New indication (new disease/condition approved)
- SUPPL - Labeling Label text changes (warnings, dosing updates)
- SUPPL - Manufacturing Production changes (new facility)
- SUPPL - Chemistry Formulation changes (new dosage strength)

Green lines in the timeline show ORIG and Efficacy approvals - the clinically meaningful milestones.

CAYSTON FDA Label Details

Indications & Usage

FDA Label (PDF)

CAYSTON is indicated for the treatment of Cystic Fibrosis.

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Data Sources

Data sourced from official FDA and NIH databases. Click links to verify on original sources.